情况说明: 拜登-哈里斯政府处理美中贸易关系的新方法

关务小二

Fact Sheet: The Biden-Harris Administration’s New Approach to the U.S. – China Trade Relationship
事实说明: 拜登-哈里斯政府处理美中贸易关系的新方法

October 04, 2021
2021年10月4日

Joe Biden ran for president on a promise to restore the backbone of this country, the middle class. His North Star will always be a simple question: what is best for American workers and interests? We welcome competition with the People’s Republic of China (PRC). We have also been clear that competition needs to be fair and managed responsibly. Our objective is to create a level playing field for American workers, farmers, and businesses.
乔 · 拜登竞选总统时承诺要恢复美国中产阶级的脊梁骨。他的北极星永远是一个简单的问题: 什么对美国工人和利益最好？我们欢迎与中华人民共和国竞争。我们还明确表示，竞争需要公平，需要负责任地加以管理。我们的目标是为美国的工人、农民和企业创造一个公平的竞争环境。

President Biden and his Administration are clear-eyed that Beijing is resistant to making meaningful reforms to address concerns shared by the U.S. and many other countries about the distortions to the global market from its state-centered economic system. Just like the President said we would, we spent our first months in office positioning the United States to build on our strengths by investing in our domestic renewal and revitalizing our alliances and partnerships abroad. Building on the American Rescue Plan, the Administration’s focus on supply chain resilience, and our investments in our technological leadership, we are working closely with Congress to move the Bipartisan Infrastructure bill and the Build Back Better agenda forward.
拜登总统及其政府十分清楚，北京方面拒绝进行有意义的改革，以解决美国和其他许多国家共同关切的问题，即中国以国家为中心的经济体系对全球市场的扭曲。正如总统所说的那样，我们在就职后的头几个月里，通过投资于我们的国内复兴和振兴我们的海外联盟和伙伴关系，使美国在我们的实力基础上更上一层楼。基于美国救援计划，政府对供应链弹性的关注，以及我们对技术领导力的投资，我们正在与国会密切合作，推进两党基础设施法案和重建更好的议程。

While making significant progress on those two fronts, the Biden administration undertook a comprehensive, thoughtful USTR-led, whole-of-government review of the bilateral trade relationship. The previous administration’s unilateral approach alienated our allies and partners and hurt select sectors of the American economy. We want to bring deliberative, long-term thinking to our approach. Our objective is not to escalate trade tensions with China or double down on the previous Administration’s flawed strategy.
在这两个方面取得重大进展的同时，拜登政府对双边贸易关系进行了一次全面、深思熟虑的、由美国贸易和发展委员会牵头的全政府审查。上届政府的单边主义做法疏远了我们的盟友和伙伴，损害了美国经济的一些部门。我们希望在我们的方法中引入慎重的、长期的思考。我们的目标不是加剧与中国的贸易紧张局势，也不是对前任政府存在缺陷的战略进行双重打击。

Today, we are announcing the initial steps we will take to re-align our trade policies towards the PRC around OUR priorities:
今天，我们宣布我们将采取的初步措施，围绕我们的优先事项，重新调整我们对中国的贸易政策:

•    First, we will discuss with China its performance under the Phase One Agreement. China made commitments that do benefit certain American industries, including agriculture that we must enforce.  President Biden will continue to promote our economic interests – and build confidence for American industry.
•首先，我们将与中方讨论其在第一阶段协议下的表现。中国做出的承诺确实有利于某些美国工业，包括我们必须履行的农业。拜登总统将继续促进我们的经济利益，并为美国工业建立信心。

•    Second, while pursuing Phase One enforcement, we will restart our targeted tariff exclusions process to mitigate the effects of certain Section 301 tariffs that raised costs on Americans.
•其次，在实施第一阶段执法的同时，我们将重新启动有针对性的关税排除程序，以减轻某些301条款关税对美国人造成的成本上升的影响。

•    Third, we continue to have serious concerns with the PRC that were not addressed in the Phase One deal, specifically related to its state-centered and non-market trade practices including Beijing's non-market policies and practices that distort competition by propping up state-owned enterprises, limiting market access, and other coercive and predatory practices in trade and technology.
第三，我们继续对中国存在严重关切，这些关切在第一阶段的协议中没有得到处理，特别是与中国以国家为中心的非市场贸易做法有关，包括北京的非市场政策和做法，这些做法通过支持国有企业、限制市场准入以及其他强制性和掠夺性的贸易和技术做法来扭曲竞争。

Even as we work to enforce the terms of Phase One, we will raise our broader concerns with Beijing's non-market policies and practices like abuse of state-owned enterprises, anti-competitive behavior and subsidies, the theft of American intellectual property directly and in coordination with our allies and partners. We will defend American economic interests using the full range of tools we have and by developing new tools as needed.
尽管我们正在努力执行第一阶段的条款，但我们将提出我们对北京非市场政策和做法的更广泛关切，比如滥用国有企业、反竞争行为和补贴，以及直接与盟友和伙伴协作盗窃美国知识产权。我们将利用我们所拥有的一切工具，并根据需要开发新的工具，捍卫美国的经济利益。

•    And lastly, we know that we cannot do it alone. We will continue consulting and coordinating with allies and partners who share our strong interest in ensuring that the terms of competition are fair, work collectively to set the rules of the road for trade and technology in the 21st century, and strengthen the global market for our workers and businesses.
•最后，我们知道我们不能单独做这件事。我们将继续与那些与我们有着共同利益的盟友和伙伴进行磋商和协调，确保竞争条件的公平，共同努力为21世纪的贸易和技术规则制定规则，并为我们的工人和企业加强全球市场。

This work with our allies and partners is already bearing fruit, as evidenced by efforts at the G7, the US-EU Summit, the Quad, the OECD, and the TTC. The Boeing-Airbus deal struck in June of this year is just one example of how this commitment to work with our allies creates more opportunity to sell American products. We will accelerate this progress and look forward to continuing the conversations with our likeminded allies and partners about the impact the PRC’s non-market practices have on them, and how we can work together to find solutions.
这项与我们的盟友和伙伴的合作已经取得了成果，七国集团、美国-欧盟峰会、四方会议、经合组织和三方会议的努力证明了这一点。今年6月达成的波音-空客协议只是一个例子，说明这种与盟国合作的承诺如何创造了更多销售美国产品的机会。我们将加快这一进程，并期待继续与我们志同道合的盟友和伙伴就中国的非市场行为对他们的影响进行对话，以及我们如何共同努力找到解决方案。

翻译仅供参考，详情请见原文
来源：USTR官网